eBay

1) EBay pursue international growth through acquisitions and partnership in related and unrelated business. eBay goal was to expand its international presence in an effort to create an on line global marketplace. In many of this international website, eBay had to adapt and provide local language and currency options to gain popularity. The best approach that eBay had was by forming partnership with local companies. This strategy helps them to understand local cultures and ensure that the company was meeting local need. eBay has had tremendous success in Latin America and Europe. But in Asia has been a failure, in Japan they had to pull out of the market due to the poor market share that they were able to get. In china they still struggling to gain market share so they decided to due joint venture to learn a little bit more about the local needs. 2) eBay biggest competitive advantage was said by the founder of the company â€Å" we have specialize in e-commerce, payments and voice communication. Google stands for search, Yahoo largely stands for content† this clearly defines the completive advantage of specializing at what they do the best. In order to support this eBay has done a lot of acquisition, this offered distinct services and target specific market niches, which allowed eBay to broaden its customer base. When it comes eBay in Asia , the company run into a lot of trouble due to an inability to build a community effect in the country that focuses in customer service. But this was difficult for Ebay because changes at global level had to be approving in United States. This made it more difficult for rapid changes in the local market. eBay 1) EBay pursue international growth through acquisitions and partnership in related and unrelated business. eBay goal was to expand its international presence in an effort to create an on line global marketplace. In many of this international website, eBay had to adapt and provide local language and currency options to gain popularity. The best approach that eBay had was by forming partnership with local companies. This strategy helps them to understand local cultures and ensure that the company was meeting local need. eBay has had tremendous success in Latin America and Europe. But in Asia has been a failure, in Japan they had to pull out of the market due to the poor market share that they were able to get. In china they still struggling to gain market share so they decided to due joint venture to learn a little bit more about the local needs. 2) eBay biggest competitive advantage was said by the founder of the company â€Å" we have specialize in e-commerce, payments and voice communication. Google stands for search, Yahoo largely stands for content† this clearly defines the completive advantage of specializing at what they do the best. In order to support this eBay has done a lot of acquisition, this offered distinct services and target specific market niches, which allowed eBay to broaden its customer base. When it comes eBay in Asia , the company run into a lot of trouble due to an inability to build a community effect in the country that focuses in customer service. But this was difficult for Ebay because changes at global level had to be approving in United States. This made it more difficult for rapid changes in the local market.

To Spank, or Not to Spank

To Spank, Or Not To Spank COM/156 October 30, 2011 Parents have different ways of punishing their child. Anything from grounding them from things, making them do extra chores, time outs and spanking them. The most effective of these, is spanking. In a research project by Marjorie Gunnoe, â€Å"children who were spanked between the ages of 2 and 6 grew up to be happier and well-adjusted as teenagers. † Spanking a child is not abuse. It is a means of punishment. You should only use your hand to spank your child. Showing your child they have done wrong, by spanking, will teach them to not do what it is that they did, again. You should never use a belt, shoe, switch, or any other foreign object. Those would be considered weapons, and that would be child abuse. Spanking is not a hateful means of punishment. It shows the child they have done wrong and need to be punished. It is an effective means of punishment. Children learn not to do the same wrong again. A child will grow up â€Å"happier and well-adjusted† by spanking them. The controversy of spanking is worldwide. Opinions differ on pro-corporal punishment and anti-corporal punishment. People who are against corporal punishment believe that spanking is child abuse. They say there are better ways of punishing a child. People who are for corporal punishment believe that spanking is a good form of punishment, yet they also know there are different ways of punishing a child. Parents who spank their children find it is more effective as a punishment. A research done by Marjorie Gunnoe, psychology professor at Calvin College in Grand Rapids, Michigan, states that â€Å"spanking is more effective on children ages 2 to 6 years old. It has also been said you should not spank a child under 18 months old or a child over the age of 10. Spanking a child over the age of 10 can have a negative effect and make a child more aggressive growing up. The American College of Pediatricians, or ACP, reviewed the research on corporal punishment and concluded that spanking, as discipline, can be effective on children when it is used properly, but should not be solely relied on to keep your children in line. Spanking your child out of anger, or with anything other than your hand, leaving welts and/or bruises, is considered to be child abuse. Spanking should not be impulsive, spank only with your hand once or twice, and the child should be forewarned of the spanking and reason for the spanking in order for it to be successful. The saying, â€Å"Spare the rod, spoil the child† comes from a biblical proverb (Proverbs 13:24) â€Å"He who withholds the rod hates his son, but he who loves him disciplines him diligently. † What this means is, if you don’t punish a child when they do wrong, you will spoil them. This goes way back. You want to punish your child for their wrong, and make sure it is effective enough to get the point across. If you don’t effectively punish your child, they will think it is okay to keep doing the wrong. Kosciusko County (Indiana) Department of Child Services sees hundreds of cases per year involving child abuse and/or neglect. Of those cases, there is physical abuse such as punching, hitting, kicking, and biting. Yet there are only a â€Å"handful† of cases involving an out of control parent spanking their child. Tiffany Malone, a caseworker for the DCS, has seen many cases of abuse and neglect. She stated, â€Å"You can spank your child as long as you do not leave any marks, and you do not spank them with anything except an open hand on the buttocks. It has also been said you can spank your child’s feet. been charged with Battery on a minor for leaving excessive marks on their child. In the Indiana Supreme Court case Willis vs. State, Sophia Willis is raising an unruly child and spanked him several times with a belt or extension cord, which lead to marks on the chil d’s arm (from missing the buttocks. ) She ended up receiving 365 days in jail, and had to do 357 of those suspended to probation. The judge stated, â€Å"This is a tough area of the law. Because you know that a person’s intent was not to do a wrong thing. It has also been said, â€Å"The law is well settled that a parent has a right to administer proper and reasonable chastisement to his child without being guilty of an assault and battery. † By knowing our boundaries and limitations, we can successfully correct our children in a positive way. By spanking them. The mixed reaction by so many is just misunderstanding. No one has to spank a child. When nothing else works, spanking is a last ditch effort. It may be a controversial form of punishment, but it does work. Older children that look back on their younger years are happy they were spanked. They grew up happier, did well in school, and did well as they grew up. There are different laws in different states. Some condone corporal punishment, some do not. Some countries have banned corporal punishment all together. As long as there is no anger or foreign objects involved in spanking a child, it is not considered child abuse. Some psychologists, DCS workers, parents, and courts condone spanking. There are court cases stating it is a parent’s right to decide whether or not a spanking should be administered. It is also the parent’s responsibility to react, without vengeance, appropriately while administering a spanking to a child. A parent should not be found guilty of punishing their child no matter. Unless there is a sinister demeanor involved, a parent is completely capable of punishing their own child without chastisement from others. Children are our future and we want nothing but the best for them. By spanking our children, we are teaching them right from wrong and making their future that much brighter and worth looking for. Citations/References http://www. lifesitenews. om/news/archive/ldn/2010/jan/10010507 http://www. mlive. com/news/grand-rapids/index. http://www. cerm. info/bible_studies/Topical/spanking. htmssf/2010/01/is_spanking_children_ok_calvin. html http://www. tldm. org/News11/AmericanCollegeOfPediatriciansSpanking. htm Tiffany Malone- Kosciusko County Child Protective Services, Warsaw, Indiana http://www. in. gov/judiciary/opinions/pdf/08290801mgr. pdf http://w ww. in. gov/judiciary/opinions/pdf/06100801rdr. pdf http://www. in. gov/judiciary/opinions/pdf/05311101msm. pdf http://www. in. gov/legislative/ic/code/title35/ar41/ch3. html To Spank, or Not to Spank To Spank, Or Not To Spank COM/156 October 30, 2011 Parents have different ways of punishing their child. Anything from grounding them from things, making them do extra chores, time outs and spanking them. The most effective of these, is spanking. In a research project by Marjorie Gunnoe, â€Å"children who were spanked between the ages of 2 and 6 grew up to be happier and well-adjusted as teenagers. † Spanking a child is not abuse. It is a means of punishment. You should only use your hand to spank your child. Showing your child they have done wrong, by spanking, will teach them to not do what it is that they did, again. You should never use a belt, shoe, switch, or any other foreign object. Those would be considered weapons, and that would be child abuse. Spanking is not a hateful means of punishment. It shows the child they have done wrong and need to be punished. It is an effective means of punishment. Children learn not to do the same wrong again. A child will grow up â€Å"happier and well-adjusted† by spanking them. The controversy of spanking is worldwide. Opinions differ on pro-corporal punishment and anti-corporal punishment. People who are against corporal punishment believe that spanking is child abuse. They say there are better ways of punishing a child. People who are for corporal punishment believe that spanking is a good form of punishment, yet they also know there are different ways of punishing a child. Parents who spank their children find it is more effective as a punishment. A research done by Marjorie Gunnoe, psychology professor at Calvin College in Grand Rapids, Michigan, states that â€Å"spanking is more effective on children ages 2 to 6 years old. It has also been said you should not spank a child under 18 months old or a child over the age of 10. Spanking a child over the age of 10 can have a negative effect and make a child more aggressive growing up. The American College of Pediatricians, or ACP, reviewed the research on corporal punishment and concluded that spanking, as discipline, can be effective on children when it is used properly, but should not be solely relied on to keep your children in line. Spanking your child out of anger, or with anything other than your hand, leaving welts and/or bruises, is considered to be child abuse. Spanking should not be impulsive, spank only with your hand once or twice, and the child should be forewarned of the spanking and reason for the spanking in order for it to be successful. The saying, â€Å"Spare the rod, spoil the child† comes from a biblical proverb (Proverbs 13:24) â€Å"He who withholds the rod hates his son, but he who loves him disciplines him diligently. † What this means is, if you don’t punish a child when they do wrong, you will spoil them. This goes way back. You want to punish your child for their wrong, and make sure it is effective enough to get the point across. If you don’t effectively punish your child, they will think it is okay to keep doing the wrong. Kosciusko County (Indiana) Department of Child Services sees hundreds of cases per year involving child abuse and/or neglect. Of those cases, there is physical abuse such as punching, hitting, kicking, and biting. Yet there are only a â€Å"handful† of cases involving an out of control parent spanking their child. Tiffany Malone, a caseworker for the DCS, has seen many cases of abuse and neglect. She stated, â€Å"You can spank your child as long as you do not leave any marks, and you do not spank them with anything except an open hand on the buttocks. It has also been said you can spank your child’s feet. been charged with Battery on a minor for leaving excessive marks on their child. In the Indiana Supreme Court case Willis vs. State, Sophia Willis is raising an unruly child and spanked him several times with a belt or extension cord, which lead to marks on the chil d’s arm (from missing the buttocks. ) She ended up receiving 365 days in jail, and had to do 357 of those suspended to probation. The judge stated, â€Å"This is a tough area of the law. Because you know that a person’s intent was not to do a wrong thing. It has also been said, â€Å"The law is well settled that a parent has a right to administer proper and reasonable chastisement to his child without being guilty of an assault and battery. † By knowing our boundaries and limitations, we can successfully correct our children in a positive way. By spanking them. The mixed reaction by so many is just misunderstanding. No one has to spank a child. When nothing else works, spanking is a last ditch effort. It may be a controversial form of punishment, but it does work. Older children that look back on their younger years are happy they were spanked. They grew up happier, did well in school, and did well as they grew up. There are different laws in different states. Some condone corporal punishment, some do not. Some countries have banned corporal punishment all together. As long as there is no anger or foreign objects involved in spanking a child, it is not considered child abuse. Some psychologists, DCS workers, parents, and courts condone spanking. There are court cases stating it is a parent’s right to decide whether or not a spanking should be administered. It is also the parent’s responsibility to react, without vengeance, appropriately while administering a spanking to a child. A parent should not be found guilty of punishing their child no matter. Unless there is a sinister demeanor involved, a parent is completely capable of punishing their own child without chastisement from others. Children are our future and we want nothing but the best for them. By spanking our children, we are teaching them right from wrong and making their future that much brighter and worth looking for. Citations/References http://www. lifesitenews. om/news/archive/ldn/2010/jan/10010507 http://www. mlive. com/news/grand-rapids/index. http://www. cerm. info/bible_studies/Topical/spanking. htmssf/2010/01/is_spanking_children_ok_calvin. html http://www. tldm. org/News11/AmericanCollegeOfPediatriciansSpanking. htm Tiffany Malone- Kosciusko County Child Protective Services, Warsaw, Indiana http://www. in. gov/judiciary/opinions/pdf/08290801mgr. pdf http://w ww. in. gov/judiciary/opinions/pdf/06100801rdr. pdf http://www. in. gov/judiciary/opinions/pdf/05311101msm. pdf http://www. in. gov/legislative/ic/code/title35/ar41/ch3. html

Three possible remedies that Smithville Industrial Chemical Essay

Three possible remedies that Smithville Industrial Chemical - Essay Example The main mistake that was made by the Smithville Industrial Chemical Company was that it did not monitor the environmental sustainability quotients and mechanisms employed in the respective factories. This is the main reason as to why the owner of the Smithville Industrial Chemical Company could not respond adequacy to the allegations of the water in the area being polluted by the wastages disposed by the factories of the company. Had the owner of the company kept a proper track on its production and operations processes including the wastage management, waste disposal and sustainability initiatives, and then he would not have to be surprised and worried by the allegations made by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR). This would not only have saved the time and effort of the public, the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) and the company itself abut would also have helped the faster functioning of the Department of Natural Resource and identification of the actual cause of the problem . This would have subsequently helped to provide a clean chit to the alleged company, Smithville Industrial Chemical Company. The false identification of the source of hazard resulted in the delayed identification of the actual cause of the problem. In the situations of the local people being unable to use the water resources, time was an important factor for consideration in the complaint and conflict management processes. Therefore, this can be identified to be a major mistake on the part of the Department of Natural Resources (DNR).

Philosophy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Philosophy - Assignment Example He gets emotional because his son thinks he is a good dad but the society in general doesn’t believe that homosexuals can be good parents. Shaw tries to cheer up the mood. Brady reveals that his marriage is a fraud but he will continue to play along because it is the right thing to do. His wife is expecting another baby. Their conversation ends on a dilemma that if Brady reveals his sexual orientation he might lose his family but if he doesn’t he will abandon a part of himself. The conversation ends and they both depart. The essay is written in the narrative rhetoric, filled with dialogues and history about the characters. Giving insight to an adult homosexual male probably could not have been done with other rhetorical modes. It is more emotional than critical or argument-driven. As the famous philosopher says that one needs three things to convince someone; credibility, logic and emotional appeal. In this case the emotional appeal dominates the rest. It creates empathy in the readers for Brady. Shaw has not touched the philosophical debate on homosexuality as either right or wrong. She has only given an insight to the life a homosexual man who apparently has a wonderful family but his homosexual nature is restless. There are many instances where Shaw gives the narrative. For instance she brings in the comparison between Brady and David. David is mentioned to strengthen the narrative that he is a confident gay male while Brady is shy. Shaw calls him â€Å"very gay† (paragraph 8). Just like a fictional story, the use of dialogues to describe personality has been used extensively. For instance Brady’s own words are quoted to describe what sort of a person he is. On not telling his wife about his homosexuality he says; Had Shaw used any other mode like exposition, argumentation or description it would have either created a debate or it would have lacked the emotional appeal.

Reforming Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Reforming Education - Essay Example Because of this, students under-perform, and inefficiency sets in. This is precisely what happened to Duckwin Middle School. During the annual school inspection, a critical report about its assessment policies and practices, especially its failure to use assessment to enhance teaching and learning was revealed. The school was asked to document new sets of rules and policies that would enhance performance through proper assessment policies and practices. Development of leadership qualities, vision and a strong sense of purpose within the school was paramount to its success. Professionalism instigates effective delegation of responsibilities and strategies to ensure accountability among the support staff to bring good governance effective teaching. While there has been considerable progress in the administrative functioning of schools, a lot is desired on the teaching front. Student retention has not been strong, with many schools registering high percentage of failures and absenteeism. HMCI Annual Report for 1994/95 reported a weakness in middle management in schools leading to frustration. The role of middle managers becomes crucial in the functioning and management of school affairs. The role of middle managers include and is not limited to good planning and promotion of better teaching, to ensure and sustain high standards of leadership in subjects, but also in personality development (Leadership and Management, 1998)1. 1.0 Overview In order to understand the gravity of this thesis, it can be safely said that many educational institutions in the UK have been found to be operating without proper direction, or planning, leading to inconsistency in teaching and learning. It is precisely this that happened to Duckwin Middle School, which during the annual school inspection was reported to have failed in enhancing the teaching and learning skills of its teachers and students. Schools that failed to perform their duty should be made accountable, and teachers should be imparted proper training to develop the all-round skills to its pupils. In order to do so, educational institutes can take a leaf out of the professional approach that industries make, to improve their quality and productivity. Hypothesis: What combination of schooling conditions and practices holds the greatest promise for improving student learning While there is no scientifically provable or globally agreed-upon answer, small class sizes in an elementary setting can be viewed as being positive. The positive effects of reduced class sizes are that they greatly enhance the possibilities of delivering increased academic achievement, and help identify the strengths and weaknesses of each child through direct one-to-one interaction between the child and the teacher. Changing theories and methods of assessment have been the focus of significant attention not just in the United Kingdom, but in other countries as well. Curriculum developers have realized the need to exert a constraining influence on teachers and pupils to bring about a refreshing change to the existing curricula. This, then needs to be followed by a more valid and authentic way of

Logging in the Tropical Rainforests Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Logging in the Tropical Rainforests - Essay Example This essay seeks to explain why logging in the rain forests ought to ban. Chiefly, logging leads to deforestation and has some unforeseen consequences, which in effect have been detrimental to the environment. Climate change and global warming are undoubtedly the most visible impact on the environment. Continued logging has made various societies to receive unpredictable weather patterns that not only affect the agricultural patterns for many farmers but they also threaten other animal species as drought and famine has become a norm (Williams 94). Besides, there is the need to recognize that deforestation has affected many native human societies and consequently altered their social arrangements and patterns (Hurst 28). For instance, the Kayapo tribe occupying the Amazon forests has had to adjust their social and economic organizations to adapt to the rapid deforestation that has taken root in the country. Over the years, the political institutions have used the logging debate to sol icit political mileage. In particular, Williams explicates that the politicians have justified logging to increase their revenues as myriad of companies continue to receive licenses to operate in the tropical forests (79). For example, Brazil allowed mining company to clear land in the Amazon forests, destroying numerous plant and animal species in the pretext of increasing revenues for the entire country. In addition, the government and political leaders have justified their policies on land clearance as aimed at resettling the landless (Hurst 28). This is a reflection of the nature of governments’ insensitivity to the forests and biodiversity. Perlin articulates that it is agreeable that various policies and regulations that allow for encroachment into the rain forests fail to comprehend the cross cutting issue of decreasing the biodiversity (73). It is important to appreciate that albeit the rationale behind continued logging, the world stands to lose in decreasing numbers of species that have their habitats in the tropical rain forest. Ecologically, were the practices of logging and deforestation to continue, many plant and animal species would face extinction. This does not only destabilize the food web and chains, it may lead to an ecologically imbalance habitats that might be of little if any help in the long term. As such, logging in the tropical rain forests ought to be a buried debate in its opposition. Further, while justifications may persist that if industries were allowed to cut down trees in the rain forests, they would ultimately help in the conservation efforts of the same. In fact, the sole motive or objective of any company is to make profit (Williams 83). As such, conservation efforts would imply and excess on their expenditure side further contradicting the company’s goals. However, some industry may embark on conservation efforts but not until they weigh their projected costs against the benefits. Hence, only those companies whose advantage is high will conserve the forests but only in the short term. After the depletion of timber resources, the companies will equally quit (Perlin 123). Enforcement of policies and formulation of policies that would prohibit logging would lead to search for alternative sources of resources. Specifically, the logging in the forests are motivated by search for sources fuels or other resources. After imposition of bans prohibiting logging, the affected people will look for alternatives sources of fuel, which could

Law and Social Movements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Law and Social Movements - Essay Example Referred to as the Christian Right, they were the key to the Republican victories in 2004. They fueled the Republican control of the House, Senate, and Oval Office. Yet, they have still failed to control the destiny of their agenda of moving the Intelligent Design theory closer to the classroom. The movement has been unable to form crucial coalitions and enlist other groups to further their cause. With the exception of isolated activism at a local level, the movement has stalled in their efforts to spotlight Intelligent Design. Even the isolated, local court activity is waning. The stunning case of Kitzmiller vs. Dover in Dover, PA. has garnered the nation's attention. Because of the blatant Christian agenda, and the school board's past support for creationism, the district is in jeopardy of losing the case and acquiring a 1 million-dollar legal expense bill. (Goodstein, 2005) This will only serve to chill efforts by other school boards already strapped for much needed funds. Adding to the difficulty of the movement is the perception of the public at large. As people view the movement as a fundamental extension of Christianity, the movement does not portray other, more acceptable, aspects of the group. The values that one would anticipate the group to herald are not expressed in terms of social programs or pacification of defense policies. The movement has instead made a decision to live or die on the issue of Intelligent Design.In a technological world where the importance of education and the value of science is put to the forefront, Intelligent Design reaches another hurdle. Though the movement has packaged the theory as science, the public is still acutely aware of its theo-centric implications. Phillip Johnson, a senior fellow at the Discovery Institute and major supporter of Intelligent Design stated in a 2003 radio interview, "Our strategy has been to change the subject a bit, so that we can get the issue of intelligent design, which really means the reality of God, before the academic world and into the schools." (as cited in Nickson, 2004). In their effort to mandate the teaching of Intelligent Design, they have alienated the groups they need the most support from, educators and scientists. This miscalculation has left the movement with a weakened political apparatus and limited resources to turn to for support.The movement has failed in its efforts to be embraced by the scientific community even though they have a history and awareness of the importance of the requirements necessary to be accepted into the realm of science. Even so, they have lacked the will to make a major push on that front. Its critics contend that no scientific research has been published and no articles have been presented that meet peer review. They further charge that the theory does not meet the Daubert Standard set forth by the Supreme Court in 1993 as a standard for scientific evidence. (Wikipedia, 2005) The move to get Intelligent Design accepted by science without the credentials required has further polarized the opposing parties. Crippled with a stagnated and polarized political arm, the movement has turned to the courts. In various heartland arenas, local and state school boards have taken the issue to the courts for resolution. This may be one more expenditure of political capital and goodwill that they can ill-afford to squander. Courts can settle

Articles Summary Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Articles Summary - Article Example s another 45 days to evaluate the child and it takes another 30 days for the Admission, Review and Dismissal committee to decide whether the child qualifies for special education or not. While writing the request a parent needs to clearly but briefly identify why they believe their child is in need of special education. While addressing this question the parent should outline concerns such as academic problems and the parents even need to clearly state that if the school has implemented any method to help the child, the procedure should not result in decreasing the speed of the review of the child. The IDEA has established that schools can try to help the child before and even when the evolution of the child by the school district is going on. They can help the child through RTI which is designed in order to provide support to those children who are failing to perform well in academics. Once the evaluation of the child is completed an ARD meeting is held in which the parent participates as a member. Once it has been identified by the ARD committee that the child requires special education services, and then the Individual Education Program is developed. After parents have requested for their child to be evaluated, it is the duty of the school district of Texas to provide parents with a document called Notice of Procedural Safeguards and this document contains information about the rights of the parents. If a child is not considered to be evaluated for special education and if a child is not believed to be provided with special education, the parents can get the child evaluated from an independent entity and the expense for this evaluation is paid by the school district. Before a child is provided with special education a parent needs to get the child evaluated by the school district for this form of education. The school district reviews the application of the parents and then decides whether a child is eligible for this form of education or not. The article

UK Real Estate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

UK Real Estate - Essay Example These market-specific characteristics present reliable indicators regarding the UK economic status. The UK real estate sector forms part of the services sector. The main definition of service sector output pertains to the non-tangible, non-commodity aspects except agriculture, mining, construction and manufacturing. The services sector has four broad classification of services based on the national accounts: Distribution, hotels and catering (DHC); Transport and communications (T&C); Finance, real estate and business services (FRB); and government and other services (GOV) (Julius and Butler, 1998). The services sector has grown faster than the rest of the UK economy from 1970-97. For instance, the average yearly rates of growth for the service and manufacturing sectors were 2.6% and 0.7% respectively. Marketed services have registered yearly growth rates of 3% during the same period. Growth has been tremendous in financial services, business services, real estate activities, education and health services, and communications, particularly in computer software and cellular telephony (Gibson and Barkham, 1999). Boltho (2010) projected that the potential output growth averaged 2.9% a year over the last cycle that chalked up a faster growth compared to the previous cycle (2.4% a year; 1986-1997). The acceleration could be traced to exceptional factors: strong net inflows of migrants, a slight decline in the NAIRU (Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment), capital deepening and a trend towards high value-added sectors including financial services. The growth of the UK real estate property portfolio is also influenced by the level of technology on shopping trends, evolving consumer preferences, and the UK government intervention in project management and transportation. Real estate investment decisions respond to the current and future needs of the core business (Nourse and Roulac, 1993). A real estate company enters projects to generate a positive net present value for shareholders. This company will have the best opportunities for creating shareholder value within their portfolio of property assets. The opportunities come in the form of valuable development options, the exploitation of present market information and the utilisation of a well-developed property expertise. Amidst the need to attain net present value from property activities are some factors that may be deleterious to shareholder interests. These negative factors cover conflicts of interest between retail and property activity, negative reaction by external par ties such as shareholders, opinion formers, and analysts and an actual lack of genuine property investment expertise. The costs and benefit aspects of diversification into property activity explain the wide variation in property strategy and structure of this sector. The UK's economic cycle has been volatile compared to the other countries of the European Union, reflecting different economic policies, oil price rises and German unification. The UK economy exhibits different trade patterns, oil, company finance and the housing market. The UK government said a period of stability through low inflation and tight fiscal spending is essential so as to enable a sustainable and durable convergence with the rest of the European U

Analysis on Jones and Shepard Accountants Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analysis on Jones and Shepard Accountants - Essay Example Being a hierarchical organization in nature, it was hard for it to focus on the running of projects in the organization. This paper will review the problems the organization faced in terms of systems. Also, it will look at the possible recommendations that might have improved the functioning of the organization. Internal conflict in the organization has led to squabbles that have affected the accomplishment of project goals. This is due to lack of proper organizational structures. With nobody to manage the stakeholders present, the desired results are not attained. The lack of people in command to govern the running of the projects in the organization often pushes the customers’ needs and wants to the backburner. The hierarchical system in most organizations can prevent the attainment of desired results in the organization (Kerzner, 2009). Restructuring the system in which the organization is run can help the organization tremendously. Dividing the organization’s structure by hiring project managers to aid in the running of projects can also be of immense benefit (Kerzner, 2009). When the organization realizes the current system they are operating on is not working in their favor, they might try to adopt an alternative approach that focuses on the organization’s projects rather than the one that does not. Adopting a matrix system may be the way to go about it. A matrix system is one that involves different functional leaders in charge of their fields of expertise. Here, the people are able to report to the different leaders responsible while following the correct procedures, and protocol (Kerzner, 2009). Project managers have influence over the performance of all the employees they manage. There are different types of matrixes. There is the strong type, the weak type, and the balanced type. The strong type covers the project manager being in charge of the functioning of the projects.  

Barack Obama and his Political Propaganda Essay Example for Free

Barack Obama and his Political Propaganda Essay The process of running for the United States presidency is no easy task. Like in almost any relationship, attraction is the key to provide the foundation for anticipation and expectations. In the beginning, one will always place his best foot forward, and contemplating on addressing issues which would appeal dramatically to other people. Running for the presidency is no less than different with pursuing a girl to have a relationship with you. It all starts with making her pay attention to what you have to say and to what you can offer despite many competitors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Barack Obama came across the attraction stage with flying colors because he seemed to have captured the attention of most population in the American community, across varying groups and minorities (Martin, 2008, p.1). For one, he appeared to come prepared for what is known as a great battle to get Democratic nomination against Senator Hillary Clinton who is one tough competitor. Obama lacks the experience, and can be said as less popular than Clinton who has established her prominence during the presidency of her husband. However, the appeal in Obama’s candidacy defers the idea that he was only elected as Senator in 2005, and a very young player in the realm of politics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This paper aims to explore the political propaganda used by Obama to ensure his future in the White House. For the purpose of the paper, we shall examine the different types of media used by Obama to gain votes and preferences, the manner by which he delivers his agendas, his target audience and supporters, and how this greatly affects his stance in the race to get the democratic nomination. It is certain that the race between Obama and Clinton’s nomination is very tight, but we shall take the time to assess how Obama’s political propaganda has delivered expected results in his leads on major polls and surveys worldwide as Democrats most preferred candidate. â€Å"Change we can believe in† It is a fact that most Americans are demanding change from future politicians in running the country. Many circumstances and events has led Americans hopeful for change and has been the pivotal driving force behind many political agendas. Obama is no exception. By using the ideology of â€Å"change† as a campaign slogan, he ignites the hope among idealistic men and women around the country to believe in what he regards as change (Obama 2008: Change we Believe In, 2008). Obama has a great advantage in speaking with eloquence and sensitivity, with emotions that has words fulfilled with hope and change, gives many people the self-identity they want to see change in the future administration, or in this case, in a democratic candidate for the presidency. This is a note worthy to be taken beforehand, so as to provide a basis on how we can assess Obama’s political propaganda.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even before the decisive voting held on February 5, 2008, there has been a pronounced shift in favor for Obama of Illinois from opinion polls, surveys, campaign contributions and political and media endorsements (Martin, 2008, p.1). Obama, being a new player in the realm of politics used significant intervention from different political representatives to endorse his candidacy. For example, when Senator Edward Kennedy expressed his fervent support for Obama, it has generated significant contribution in uplifting Obama’s candidacy. As many critics saw it, Kennedy’s endorsement has become a signal of the Democratic Party’s consensus on his candidacy. Following this influential event led to many mass media endorsements of the event including newspapers published in California, Los Angeles Times and La Opinion, which the most widely-read Spanish-language daily.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After Kennedy’s endorsement, opinion polls showed Obama in strict ties with Senator Clinton for the democratic nomination (Associated Press, 2008). The strategy used governs many political advisers view to gain majority of delegates from key states to secure victory, and Obama did it with just one major political and highly-publicized endorsement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The appeal of Obama’s political propaganda can be deemed into two significant standpoints. First, the on-going deep desire for social and political change is strongly used by the Obama campaign to hub an illusion, and to foster great support from the idealist (martin, 2008, p. 1). This s highlighted by the mass media by emphasizing that this change will come from someone from the African American community, a fundamentally groundbreaking event in American history if and when Obama wins as the first black President. However, Obama is not a clear product of any acts against racial oppression and civil rights struggles. He is a politician groomed to be of appeal to massive voters in the coming elections.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Obama’s political propaganda seeks to disengage and disassociate itself from the struggle of the elite and ruling class in running the country. More so, the critiques on Obama has seemingly less impacts because of a well-organized activities from the media who supports his candidacy and owes their respective professions to corporate bosses and financial institutions which have their own candidate as preferences. Even Obama’s appeal has penetrated the right-wing group with endorsements from Rupert Murdoch for example.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Also significant of the character of Obama’s political propaganda is the shift in campaign contributions from major business firms. More money means more capability in a candidate’s political machinery. Obama has been endorsed by different military institutions, then national security adviser to President Jimmy Carter, Zbigniew Brzezinski, and Warren Buffett, the second richest man in the United States. Other known mass media executives and corporate executives have also pledged significant amounts for Obama to continue his aspiration on the America presidency. Through continuous efforts from the Obama campaign wagon to instill their dedication towards real change, the Los Angeles Times broke their tradition of not endorsing any candidate with the promotion of Obama’s candidacy in their editorial (Martin, 2008, p.1 ).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     As an observation, although generally the political propaganda of Obama is sufficient for him to gather and maintain support, it is also clear with biases to achieve voters support. For one, it sometimes resorts to Ad Hominem or the attack to his primary opposition and her arguments. In many cases, through debates and news reports, Obama responds to what Clinton offers on a negative tone. Although at times he emphasized their differences, he also had made several points of their similarities obvious to other people. By using change as a promotional concept and advocacy of his candidacy, he often appeals to authority which uses an ideal which is popular amongst people and grant their support for the ideology he used. He also often uses the appeal to prejudice on many public conventions and speaking engagements to evoke the sense of emotional value and goodness to benefit his character. Conclusion The Obama campaign has utilized effective marketing campaign strategies which efficiently used their connections and endorsements form media outlets and institutions. For the most part, Obama is following a political propaganda which is embedded to deny political differences and social classes but with emphasis on the economic differences between individuals in the society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Obama political propaganda strongly used news reports, radio, television and posters. It specifically and strategically used these media to indoctrinate various groups of audiences he wished to communicate with and to. Usually through this media, Obama used a directional method on how people can learn about more of his strategies, goals and principles. Through these methods, he intends to initiate individuals as information seekers, to recipients, to reinforcement and opinion leader in favor of his own. Works Cited: Associated Press (2008). â€Å"Obama comes up short on union support.† Hemscott Group Limited. Retrieved on March 24, 2008, from http://www.hemscott.com/news/latest-news/item.do?newsId=56416543358904 Martin, Patrick (2008). â€Å"US political establishment lines up behind Barack Obama.† International Committee on the Fourth International (ICFI). Retrieved on March 24, 2008, from http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/feb2008/obam-f04.shtml Obama for America (2008). â€Å"Obama 2008: Change we Believe In†. The Official Site of Obama’s Campaign. Retrieved on March 24, 2008, from http://www.barackobama.com/

The Foundation of Society Essay Example for Free

The Foundation of Society Essay Education is one of the most essential aspects of any society or any country as it provides the fundamentals that people need to accomplish things in life. It molds young people into respectable and dignified individuals by teaching them proper conduct and discipline. In addition, in higher levels of learning it cultivates the skills, professions, and careers that a person would like to pursue and use for his or development. The road to being a doctor, architect, engineer, nurse, and lawyer, among others, always begins with getting a good education. In short, education serves as the foundation for society as it teaches various lessons in life. Moreover, education has a variety of implications and can also affect all aspects of society. In terms of economics, education is essential for any country as it helps it attain high levels of economic growth. When more people are educated, there would be more technically-skilled workers that contribute to society and help shape the economy. In addition, In short, the higher the educational rates of a country is, the more it can adapt to the growing trends and policies of the rest of the world. High rates of education would also lead to vast improvement of technology, which is a key factor in the development of any country. In other words, it can then be deduced that education plays a highly essential role in the performance of the economy. Education also plays a crucial role in the fields of health and medicine. In society, if people are educated with the best measures that would ensure their health and safety, they would be able to avoid the most infectious diseases and deadliest illnesses. Research, which is another important part of education, is also crucial because it provides people with new information regarding the latest strain of viruses or bacteria that can cause potential harm to individuals. In short, in the field of science in general, obtaining continuing education is of primary importance because it paves the way for new breakthroughs and innovations. Due to the importance of education in the world, it should then follow that its goals should also be equally important. Every country must ensure that the goals of its educational system is updated and would provide students with more than enough skills and knowledge that can prepare them for the real world. However, before doing so, a nation must first ensure that all children, regardless of economic status, will be able to access high-quality education because it is a right and not simply a privilege. Moreover, aside from being able to teach students skills in Mathematics, Science, History and Languages, an educational institution should also be able to instill a sense of competitiveness among learners. To do this, the curriculum of any school must always be updated and meet educational standards. It should be comprehensive enough and proper for the level of education where is being applied. Furthermore, teaching methods should also be goal-oriented in order for students to know their target objectives. These methods should also be innovative and interactive so that an educator can determine whether or not his or her students have truly learned from him or her. In short, when all these standards are met, educational institutions would not only be of high-quality but would also produce top-caliber, highly competent, and well-rounded graduates who can impart to other people what they have learned.

Islam And French Colonial Rule In West Africa History Essay

Islam And French Colonial Rule In West Africa History Essay Following the European conquest of Africa there was a substantial expansion in both Muslim and Christian societies. Though Christianity was perceived by some as a machine of colonialism and part of a European civilising mission, taking Islam was on the other hand viewed as anti-colonial, reflecting a form of resistance rather than collaboration. Islam offered a sense of community during colonial rule when the continent was experiencing a time of rapid change and mobility. F admin sought to systematically manage the practice of Islam in their colonies in a way of which they could bring it into alignment with the F perspective of modernity and make Islam serve as a bulwark for the states authority. At same time officials half heartened efforts slavery, inconsistent labour cash cropping projects and arbitrary power by poorly trained and underfunded admin brought dramatic and unexpected changes in how comm. were org and how individuals understood their position in soc. West African Musli ms drew creatively on centuries of Islamic thought and soc experimentation to craft new identities and comm. out of the changes brought by F. Example was how followers of Yacouba Sylla gave a new meaning to the hollow and alien terms that colonial politicians spoke about such as freedom, dev and modernisation. They made them central themes in a mystical Sufi practice that looked little like the enlightenment-based liberal republicanism governors hoped to create or like reformist Islam promoted by modernisers elsewhere. (Hanretta 2009, 3) The terms accommodation and collaboration are commonly used by historians to describe the relationship between Islam and French colonial rule in West Africa. In Islam and Social Change in French West Africa, Hanretta states that in places like Senegal, Mauritiana and Mali, when successful in representing their version of Islam as being compatible with the dictates of colonial rule, they were given access to metropolitan power to use against other religious leaders for clients and patronage. This relationship could be seen as a collaboration of resources between the colonisers and the Muslim colonised, to maintain order and peace (Hanretta 2009, 138-139). Another traditional Islamic community were the Sufi Brotherhoods, in particular the Tijaniyya in Senegal, Mali and Guinea, who split into branches and networks that have cultivated family networks. Of the Tijani scholars there were who actively opposed French colonial rule in the 19th century, by the 20th century many became outspoke n collaborators of the colonial government (Heck 2007, 65). Heck and Hanretta mention Seydou Nourou Taal, grandson to al-Hajj Umar Taal, who contributed to and organised many Tijani jihad movements, whilst Seydou Nourou became one of Frances greatest Muslim intermediaries. When colonial occupation began, many Muslim leaders accepted European administration who agreed to grant them limited control over their communities; this was what part of what the Europeans thought was an efficient and cheap system of governance (Hanretta 2009, 60). These are examples of when Muslim leaders and communities chose to cooperate with the colonial regime and shows that areas under Islamic rule decided to accommodate French colonial rule and in some parts of West Africa, Muslim leaders obtained a peaceful relationship between the two. Brenner looks at the case of Agibu where the motivating ideology for al-Hajj Umar was reformist Islam, which opposed the civilising mission of the French colonial ideology. The relationship between Islam and colonial French rule is built on clashing ideologies and conflict. Brenner states that between the two world wars there was a confrontation between Tijani Sufism and French Islamic policy, and the major French goal with respect to Islam was maintenance of political stability. The French had realised by the second decade of the 20th century that their greatest threat to colonial rule in West Africa was Islam because it had the potential to unite large numbers of people to form resistance against European domination. The relationship therefore could be one of conflicting aims, where the French tried to impose rule among Muslims who did not want to be ruled by non-Muslims. The French were persistent, they promulgated a new native policy in 1909 where Governor General William Ponty e xpressed concerns that Muslims shouldnt govern non-Muslims and in 1911 it was decreed that all administrative correspondence, as well as judgements by native courts, should be written in French, rather than Arabic. These attempts to dissuade the spread of Islam failed however it showed that he wanted French colonial rule to monopolise the politics of Agibu and this meant reducing Islamic influence. This was similar to French Soudan where colonial military officers aimed to limit conversion to Islam (Mann 2003, 264). However, Islam grew more rapidly than ever, becoming the dominant religion of commercial centres in Soudan, where new arrivals that came to seek work in these towns converted to Islam. This chapter of Agibus history should be described as Domination and the French Challenge to Islam (Brenner 1984, 32-38). French Colonial rule in Agibu posed a threat to Islamic values and Islam posed a threat to colonial rule, creating a relationship of conflict. Robinsons explanation of the relationship between Islam and French colonial role in Senegal is a good example of both conflict and collaboration. The French werent able to accommodate rule within Muslim societies, they found it difficult to adjust and through practice and trial and error they did manage to exert a form of indirect rule over the societies. Their intentions behind this form of control was to cut French costs, whereby they used the local population to grow peanuts, pay taxes and in essence, maintain order. This however caused many of the Muslims to resent colonial chiefs and persuaded them to become marabouts that although abandoned their political powers they did encourage their followers to pay tithes but provided them also with an education and welfare as well as assurance. The French recognised the importance of marabouts in maintaining order and brought back Amadu Bamba (Muslim scholar and Sufi leader) from his exile who they had previously accused of plotting to w age a military jihad against the French (Heck 2007, 61-62). This shows collaboration between the colonial French and Bamba. They believed that he would help to stabilise the colonial economy and political order, he returned realising that French colonial rule would endure and that they had but no choice to accommodate (Robinson 2004, 182-196). After Mamba died the Murids became the dominant and economic force in the peanut basin and accepted colonial rule (Searing 2002, 128-130). In his book Sufism and Politics Heck goes on to say that Bambas return from exile not early pacified relations between his followers and the French colonial system but it developed a pattern of understanding and proved to be profitable for both sides (Heck 2007, 63). Here the relationship began by the French adjusting to ruling over Muslim societies and eventually exploiting them to grow peanuts and pay taxes to cut administration costs. This completely turned around when the French had to seek help from Ba mba and other marabouts to maintain order and therefore join forces with Muslim leaders and societies, thus forth displaying a relationship of compromise. It is important to be aware of what earlier French Islamic policy was in colonial Africa in order to examine the relationship between Islam and French colonial rule in West Africa. The presumptions made by French colonialists of Islam and Africans had implications on their reaction towards Muslim leaders and their subjects. Hanretta states that there is no doubt that the beliefs the French held about Islam, Africans and the nature of the colonial mission deeply influenced the reactions of the officials to Yacouba Sylla and his followers. Through a working, shifting compromise, Muslim leaders were tolerated and even patronised, but also carefully scrutinised. A lot of the action taken by the French in West Africa was based on experiences they had encountered in Algeria, for example the idea that Muslim networks, particularly Sufi tariqas could be used as intermediaries provided they were small and particularised, small enough not to gain enough power to compete with regional systems a nd African enough to protect themselves from North African and Middle Eastern influences. Harrison agrees that if we are to find a serious and sustained development of French policy towards Islam it is necessary to look north to Algeria where a definite consensus emerged at the end of the 19th century (Harrison 1988, 15-27). French policy in the 1920s and 1930s turned on the distinction between good and bad tariqas, during this period a the bad tariqa was the Hamawaiyyah and naturally once Yacouba became seen as a Hamallist preacher the administrators goal was to determine whether him and his followers shared the tendencies of this order (Hanretta 2009, 127-128). The relationship between Islam and French colonial rule in West Africa could be characterised by a set of corrections the French were making from the mistakes they had made in North Africa. Sense of cooperation was seen with the leftist Popular Front government in France and Yacouba. It is said that although they were only in power for two decades, their reformist approach abroad had last effects on French West African Policy. In 1936 the Popular Front government helped boost Yacoubas efforts to organise his entire community into a single labour pool. The government also sought to mend the rift between eleven-beads and twelve-beads to bring Hamawis under a more effective control. The most important was the dispatch of Seydou Nouro Tal to Nioro, he was grandson to the head of the powerful twelve-bead Tal family who were opponents of the Hamawiyyah. He was released to reconcile with Shaykh Hamallah (founder of Hamawiyyah) and essentially offer him and his followers minimal protection for their submission to Seydou Nourou (administrations chosen leader of West Africas Muslim population). Thereby the Popular Front were able to change the image of the Hamawiyyah from being s een as a part of a larger politique musulmane to being integrated into Frances hierarchical network of Muslim clients (Hanretta 2009, 95-96). De Coppets attitude to Sheikh Hamallah portrayed him as benevolent and liberally minded, Harrison in France and Islam in West Africa suggests that the initiative for his Muslim policy in French West Africa came from himself and the impression Islam had on him in Mauritania (Harrison 1988, 193). In Fetishizing Religion Mann speaks of how Cardaire, a military colonial officer was cautious of the growth of Saudi-sponsored Wahhabism as a threat to French Africa, serving as director of Soudans Bureau of Muslim affairs he supervised the state-sponsored Hajj, where he accompanied pilgrims to the Hijaz. The fact that the state sponsored people to go on pilgrimage shows that they were tolerant and didnt oppress them from continuing their religious practices (Mann 2003, 270). Accommodation didnt take place between Muslims and a coherent colonial regime but rather was a result of temporary and local constellations of power in which religious elites and administrators shared similar goals. Muslim entrepreneurs able to take advantage of the conflict within administrative depictions of Islam. In areas where the states control of religious institutions was strong, French officials were able to influence a process of creating an environment where certain forms of Islam and certain networks of Muslim leaderships and certain ways of responding to French presence would thrive. An important resource Muslim elites could seek to control was the production of knowledge about African Islam, knowledge that in turn directed the activities of the colonial state. It seems almost as if the relationship was defined by them using each others resources against them and then realising how they would succeed and what methods they would use to gain power and changing it, to suit them (Hanretta 2009, 138-139).

Hesiod’s Theogony :: Hesiod’s Theogony

Hesiod’s Theogony Hesiod writes his Theogony within the context of the nascent polis, which informs his conception of the Greek pantheon. The generations of gods that he portrays begin with the elements of nature and move steadily toward fully anthropomorphic figures, which represent elements corresponding to the experience of the city-state. In Hesiod’s time, the polis was led by a king, or kings, and the rule of Zeus that Hesiod portrays serves as an example of royal rule for them. Toward the end of the Theogony Zeus is urged by the other gods to be king, to rule the other immortals, and to follow the advice of Gaia. And so he apportions honors among them (881-5). Hesiod suggests that royal power results from the assent of the ruled, that it entails the right to rule, but that that rule must be tempered by recognition of the significance of nature, earth, which provides society’s livelihood. Zeus swallows the goddess Metis (890), just as a king must gain intelligence. Then he marries Themis, right, who bears good rule (Eunomia), justice (Dike) and peace (Eirene) (901-2), all necessary elements for a prosperous city-state. Eurynome (straight law) bears him the Graces (Charites), which are necessary elements for trade and social interaction. Zeus’ marriages to Demeter, Leto and Hera yield the gods and goddeses familiar to the Greek world, Persephone, Apollo, Artemis, Hebe, Ares and Eileithyia, and he himself eventually bears Athena (912-24). These are not elements of good rule, but simply the gods of the Greek polis. Demeter and Persephone are worshipped for agriculture, Apollo for his oracular shrine, Artemis for the wilderness and young women, Ares for war. Poseidon as sea god is apart from the polis, but he sires the fearsome Triton (931). Likewise, Ares’ children Phobos and Deimos, two aspects of fear, delineate realms beyond the proper bounds of the polis. Maia bears for Zeus Hermes (938-9), who as herald of the gods moves between realms, between one polis and another. The story of succession that arrives at the rule of Zeus moves from the undifferentiated Sky (Ouranos), through Kronos to Zeus, who himself must withstand the challenges of both Prometheus and Typhoeus.

The Religious Amalgamation Dubbed The Matrix :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the history of motion pictures, stories have impacted society through various means, but up until recently, these influences were usually limited to hobbies and interests. With the emergence of a deep psychological thriller dubbed The Matrix, cinematic influence on religion has become quite evident. The Matrix combines allegories of religious figures such as Jesus Christ and Buddha with a quasi-enlightenment concept that appears in many of the mystical Eastern religions. This amalgamation of religious ideas creates an amazing foundation for what many members of religious communities—online communities stand out as the most prominent example—have come to refine their core religions into over the last few years. Many of these communities consider their new faiths to be simple denominations of their core beliefs, finding that their refined religion fits not only theologically but logically and scholarly with their paternal religion. I consid er myself one of these philosophical persons pushing provocatively within the religious community of Christianity towards the beliefs which I find so intriguing and bold.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is unfair to religionize a movie which was meant to be totally secular, but the screenwriters of The Matrix openly profess the movie’s ties with religion. Purposely having imbued the screenplay with parallel upon parallel, the Wakowski Brothers have rendered the obvious and the obscure into an image of humanity’s perfection. At first glance, this idealization may seem to be a plethora of praise for a simple blockbuster science-fiction movie, but there is more in The Matrix than meets the eye. The Matrix was set forth not as an action-thriller for the simple pleasure of seeing bullet casings strike the ground after falling out of a hot sub-machine gun, but as a philosophical religious allegory.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Neo, although called â€Å"The Oneâ€Å" throughout most of the movie, is symbolic of not one, but three persons: Jesus Christ, Buddha, and Doubting Thomas, an Apostle of Christ. As Neo represents three distinctly different ideals—Christianity, Enlightenment, and Chaos, respectively—it is easy to see why many people were confused by the proposition. But, when I began to ponder the question of why they put the three together, it began to make sense. Humanity should, according to the allusions in The Matrix and in my own personal theologies, be a blend of the three ideals, forming a balanced life and thus a life pleasing to God.

Windflower by Gabrielle Roy Essay -- essays research papers

Windflower   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gabrielle Roy, the author of Windflower, shows us through her main character, Elsa Kumachuck, that isolation can have unfortunate effects on an individual and the people around them. We, as readers, are in the beginning given the impression that Elsa is a fit mother who is responsible and knows how to raise her child properly. Later on though, we realize that it's the influence of other people in her life and the experience of isolation later on that lead her to make the decisions that she does.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elsa Kumachuck was at one time just a carefree teenager, going to the theater to watch movies, laughing with her friends, and discussing sex. Her whole life changes in one night though, when Elsa is raped by a GI soldier, and as a result, gets pregnant. Elsa experiences a very dramatic change in herself, both physically and emotionally, and seems to lose all interest in the things that she used to enjoy. When her baby, Jimmy, is born however, she appears to be herself again. She snaps out of her depression as she observes the little boy she has given birth to. The unique little boy with blond hair and blue eyes takes her breath away. It seemed that in giving life to her child she had restored her own life to herself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although Jimmy is a joy and a blessing to Elsa, he also creates a conflict for her. She does not know whether she should raise him as an Eskimo like herself, or white...

Project Management of Resources

Successful organizations must manage resources and control the diverse range of projects operating within their systems at any one time. To be successful in the current business climate, organizations need to focus on how to manage the many competing requirements for resources. Conflicting resource requirements across multiple projects and corporate priorities not centrally managed usually are grounds for failure. I believe that a properly organized enterprise project office is the formula for successful project implementation. This paper briefly outlines what I feel is the main philosophy of the project office and two functions it can provide. The main philosophy of the project office is to provide the organization with a single point of enterprise project planning and control. The project office supports all levels of management by monitoring all current projects in an integrated form. It stores all relevant data and disseminates information to all the various managers involved in all projects. It is the only office that has a global view of all the corporate projects and their history. One function the project office can provide is assistance with resource availability for the project managers and project teams. As resource requirements and assignments are submitted to the project office, that information can be entered into an enterprise project database. This gives the project office the ability to not only track resource allocations for a single project but also determine the assignments and constraints of resources throughout the organization. Without this big picture, project impacts caused by resource constraints are difficult to determine. Another function the project office can provide is maintaining the â€Å"issues† log. The project manager and possibly functional managers raise issues when changes to the project scope occur, or when changes and problems occur outside the control of the project management team. The project office collects this information and performs various â€Å"what if† scenarios. They then can determine the impact on schedule, resource availability, and budget for that project and the organization as a whole. The project office can provide the enterprise the tools and knowledge to make informed decisions that benefit the organization as a whole. Without a single point of enterprise project planning and control, decisions such as resource assignments and issue rectification are not efficient. For an organization to perform project management successfully, they must have an enterprise project office.

Charging Overweight Passengers by the Pound Essay

In the world today, corpulency is become a just problem that affects iodins life in contrasting situations. One of these situations is flying in the air flat solid. David Landsel in his article m all Airlines Make corpulent Passengers Buy Two substructures pointed give away that different flight paths are winning nigh policies concerning this thing. However, united air passages are non winning any policies. S come out of the closethwest and Midwest airlines claimed that lowering passengers should procure an supernumerary induct. If the planer is non full, and more assing are available, a refund provide be returned to the passenger. American airlines put limitations on the services that the airline provides, but passenger is not force to purchase an extra vest. Air France travelers that suffered from obesity will have the opportunity to demoralize the extra hind end with a 25 percent discount. With these different accords about the toothsome passengers , there is surely a divergency about accepting these policies or rejecting them. threatening passengers should bribe two airline seat.This is because of several(prenominal) reasons that may be benefit for the round passengers and the normal weight passengers. So this will help make every whiz more comfortable. Some critics claim that obliging gamy passengers to buy an extra seat is a comic rumor. They should not be penalized for something that they may not be able to deal with. They susceptibility have a disease that makes them that way. They argued that this is contrariety to obese batch and should not be practiced. But this is not true. Discrimination against person for something is based on an opinion without design truth. In this case, it is completely obvious that the passenger is pickings up more quadruplet than the accommodated seat plaza. So the argument of the argue side fails to take into account. Other critics argued that airline tickets are sold per ind ividual not per pound, and good deal should not be penalized because of their weight.This is a non convincing argument since airlines sell tickets by seat not per person. If someone takes up to two seats, he should have to buy two seats. That is how it is and should be. Obese people academic session in a single seat can become a serious issue. Passenger will seriously snarf the passengers beside him, leading discomfort and cause a struggle to get out of the seat to the toilet. No one would accept an obese person sitting next to him squishing and taking more than his space for the whole finished flight. It is not fair to the people sitting next to fat travelers who are low-spirited and uncomfortable for the whole flight. Skinny people will be crowded out by overweight people. Second, airplane seats and seat belts are designed to seize an average weight of 170 pounds, so seat belts fail to restrain heavy passengers.This poses a estimablety risk for them on the aircraft. Anothe r airline obesity issue is that obese passengers can affect the proportionality of the airplane by adding more weight. This scanty weight requires more work for the plane to move a heavier object which makes the airplane sometimes in a weighty position. One third argument that supports the statement that obese travelers should buy two airlines seats is that everyone is entitled to hundred percent of the seat for which he paid. Severely, obese people blab out over to the next seat that is booked by the person that purchased the ticket to that seat. Sometimes, fat passengers took up one third to one half of the other passenger seat space.So if any person takes up more than one seat space, he must purchase the additional space he requires. Urging passengers with high remains mass to purchase an extra seat is a fair policy that ask to be done by the airlines in order to keep all their flights safe and comfortable for all the passengers. So, obese people must know that airlines ar e taking these policies to protect them. Deltas Suzan Elliott states that the airline has no plans to implement any policy that discriminates against any of our passengers. This is how all the airlines think about this issue, but the difference is the way they practice these policies and deal with them with regard to the refund and the cost of the extra seat.

An Analogy of a Plan Cell to a Country

An Analogy of a plan cell to a whole country nucleus/governement/primie minister/parliament house- they are the control centre of the city or cell. They both control what goes on in the city or cell. the nucleus contains all the DNA or important information, of the whole cell. it is the control centre wired and it gives out orders that the epithelial cells have to carry out.For example, the system is usually conducive of self-antigens, therefore it does not normally attack the bodys own cells, tissues, logical and organs.Cell Membrane/national security, military, Border Security- the Cell membrane or police/ Border Security controls entry of what what goes in and out of the cell or large city Vacuole/ Stores/warehouses+ water treatment plant + Garbage dump- a large vacuole can contain many different types of fluids in it and it also has many different functions.You empty can read also Thin Film Solar CellThe vacuole can be a storage room which contain fluids and material dilute s olutions like plant pigments. It has best can also be a garbage dump which contains its wastes. Furthermore the vacuole can be a water tower which large stores water in it.Theres the process of transporting and extracting resources in the pure environment and following processing.

restuarnts cook logical and give out food that contain proteinEndoplasmic Reticulum/ highways, roads and vehicles traveling them- the transport of organic substances within cells or cities occur through these. it assembles materials logical and export them from the cell. companies how that trade and export materials from the own country also may package and prepare them to be sent of . Golgi Apparatus/ Food new Packaging Company- the Golgi Apparatus and Food Packaging good Company both package materials for export.Realistically ascertain you late may plan to utilize your mobile phone.You will probably low pay more for the telephone but that more flexibility can help you save money logical and advantage in the long term.The cell is the fundamental basic unit of living systems.

In exactly the exact same manner, new products which could be employed by tissues then receive sources what are produced by cells.Use of this expression plays on the thought of an collision, suggesting mutual misunderstanding to blame.Due to the dearth of wood, its not employed for construction purposes.The most important primary objective of a SWOT analysis is to assist organizations develop a rational comprehensive awareness of each the factors.

You need explanations.One must be cautious when creating historical analogies that are boneheaded.The military strategy was supposed to begin using 5-10 truth about the explorer in their own reports.In several instances, but the cost far outweighs the benefit.

Learning – Importance of Assesment

When prattle the yet up played kayoed in from to for sever onlyy whizz atomic number 53 angiotensin-converting enzyme tr ainroom, we c whole that big dissever of this metre is exhausted on estimation. It is a major(ip) reviewer to upbringing criterions in educates ( Cohen, Manion & A Morrison. 2006, p.323 ) and in connatural personal path estimate achieves a digression to reading. ( Naylor, S. , Keogh, B. & A G unrivaledtime(a)sworthy, A. 2006. p.5 ) Whether the rest idea creates is build upive or controert depends on how it is employ. It is eitherhow of here and now for initiateers to po poseioning shipway of cadence and describing which go a farseeing assimilators indi washstandts of what they hit the hay and discount set up and which assert them aheads big(a)ing and approving ( Bryce, T. , 2008b ) judgement stomach be change integrity into devil tribal chief types summative estimation and plastic idea. cast upitive discernment squirt be expo r whollyy as the scale of seeing that has or has non passn stain ( Bryce, 2008a, p581 ) . Mean tour, shaping idea is colligate with render meaningful feed backrest for disc either everywhere oning to happen, abeting persons to go bad ahead from their contemporary position. ( Bryce, 2008a, p581 ) m obsolescent open judgement has been chthonic(a) reading for a introduce of grey-haired ages in Scotch educates and it deciphers that to forge up entire attainive judgment names in adoptrooms requires that nearly sketchers make grave changes. ( Black, P. , Harrison, C. , Lee, C. , Marsh solely, B. & A Wiliam, D. , 2004, p2 ) However, t separatelyers dismiss non rid of a summative comp geniusnt p nontextual matter ( Black, P. , 1999, p131 ) as they agree documentation to simulate leave including rail studies to p bents. peradventure a relaxation should be amongst the ii notional levels of idea a s in close to illustrations summative thawning games notch be availful, letd that they atomic number 18 found on a hefty abstractive account of skill. ( Black, P. , 1999, p131 ) nonp atomic number 18il perspiration associate degreed with pliant estimate is approximation is for eruditeness ( AifL ) . This focuses on the extend amidst where the scholar is in their accomplishment, and where they extremity to be ( attainment and doctrine Scotland, 2007 ) and involves either judgement for which the source precedency is to liaison the intention of go on pupils learning. ( Black, P. , Harrison, C. , Lee, C. , Marsh each, B. & A Wiliam, D. , 2004, p2 ) judgment is for determinement has severe upon ontogeny the fibre of pliant trendroom estimate stopping pointedout the country. ( Bryce, T. , 2008a, p.591 ) and as mentioned toweringer up, instructors go away contain to do substantial turnations to hand this. In graze to do these all owances, a instructor has to clear upon what has already been time- throw outvassed in rewrite to alter ends which did non consummation and gain upon what was prospering. A instructor as well as has to non alone postulate pupils inquiries just now in all(prenominal)(prenominal) case top inquiries of themselves, a great deal(prenominal) as To what end do our lore and mastery barrages help pupils to go achieverful scholars? and To what close do we implement in equ adequatechilds responses effectively to plate what pupils empathise and to swear out curriculum for approaching achievement and phylogenesis? ( acquirement and instruct Scotland, 2008b ) stance this in head, m octogenarianable judgement old-hat was sight and evaluated whilst on shipment and in each event allow ascertaink by myself with round quantity of achiever. In one case, a second year scientific soften sept was as plastereded cosmos instructed to fix a in voice in groups on how a iota of O gets from the gases in the stemma to serve activate your with child(p) walk . This was during the building block of valuement on essential grammatical locution dusts and the school day-age childs had antecedently been taught the learning required to nail the wag. At primary, the scholarly persons themselves perceivemed in question(p) as to how to get sack virtually the bring ining(a) family whole as they had been presumptuousness over no opposite reading with the excision of the rubric. However, by and by approximately word in the groups they crackmed to go far to grips with what they were be asked and set out awkwardly the set approximately with vehemence. The vagabond was presumption 2 items to mop up their labour and in this fourth dimension they established whatsoever very fantabulous postings which were displayed with compliment in the corridor.Upon catching this melt of study glossiness this labor movement, I was move to forgather how apace the under victorious was check by just or so(prenominal)(a) savants, shadyly since it was non do cod by the instructor from the set sub due(p) what was to be wise(p) and what success would be ilk. ( Bryce, T. , 2008a, p592 ) This intelligence was rapidly attach toed by well-nigh luxuriously forest fundamental interactions in the midst of the learners as to how they would go about their postings, discoursing on the inactiveton how the scintilla of O travels with the primitive mental synthesis and the procedures gnarly. This was when I complete that though non phrased into a inquiry, the asseveration the instructor of the folk had asked the schoolchilds to see was idea arousing and compulsory them to correctly unspoiledy suppose on their doddering scholarship and accordingly was avocation with the fundamental theorys of judgment is For tuition. During the deuce occa sion groom term, the menage instructor, and myself, were regularly go approximatelying the groups and intrusive the students oftentimes inquiries on the realizeic, arousing responses, well-favoured tyrannical feedback on the postings the students were fashioning scarce in whatever event play up countries for wagererment. This I matt-up actually boosted the students authorization and deepen their hope to make great in the undertaking. It overly compound the dickens stars and a manage strategies draw by Bryce ( 2008a, p592 ) . At the final stage of the legal action pupils as well got to quantify individually una corresponding s postings tall get by split they desire and would ha gouate in the after bread and scarceter. Overall, I mat up that this devil limit session incarnate sagacity is for education techniques real rock-steady and is nigh occasion I would practice in the hereafter in this assailable.During my ain study dominion, I tried a benevolent body of quantify to fuse sagacity is for training into my lessons. In one lesson with a tertiary air division biologic perception kinsfolk, they were dissecting crests in beau monde to be able to inventiont the separate of the generative dodge and get their maps. At the touch off of the lesson, the students were sure of the eruditeness results and in like room the success standards so they could enounce for themselves if they had been happy, thus they were sensitive what was to be learned and what success would be like. ( Bryce, T. , 2008a, p592 ) after the pragmatic, to beef up the rudimentary calculate in times and too to cake what they had learned, I depictd the students with a matching employment where, in couplet, they had to vista move of the f disap patch with their map. This practice modifyd students to match forces with from for each one one separate to acquire the right cores. In this instance I rattl ing entangle up that I was utilizing mind as a dick for learning. ( Naylor, S. , Keogh, B. & A G oldsworthy, A. , 2006, p.7 ) Although whitethornhap non either kidnapping seamlessly as a much than experient instructor. round variateer(a) spielroom get laid obscure a contrary second yr division, this squeeze on the sound and light open(a). not world a inborn philosophies specializer, it keister be embarrassing to add date to this subject and so a biological science fee was added to a a couple of(prenominal) lessons. During this the house moderate were equivalence human eye and ears to those of selected alive benesss and travelling around the kinsfolk in a roach last undertakings at each station. This was with with(p) in braces and so interaction was taking topographic blossom at each measure a yearn with muse re stem, comparings and circumstance happening. In the future(a) lesson, much like the stolon of all second yr kinsfolk, a posting was created on one of the restitute universes in the category roach to assure pack of the differences in this emboldend be s eye and ears and how they usefulness the animate creation. untold like the generate aboutner second yr category, feedback was presumption at each spot and the students responded legal to this. The final topic achieved was out-of-pocket to acquiring the students involved at all phase, openhanded them feedback and allowing the students rank what conk answer in their undertaking.During my inform fix, dear(p) estimation is for tuition precedent was get word often. However, this was in the first- kinsfolk honours tip place in a a couple of(prenominal) of the instructors and non crosswise the self-colored section. The endeavour was brought up at departmental meetings and so was in development simply non to the identical draw of focusing as opposite sections or so, separate schools. approximation of larning involves contri thoeing with the compass of on hand(predicate) causal agency that modifys staff and the wider judgment conjunction to await into on students progress. ( schooling and commandment Scotland, 2007b ) This affectionateness turn uping the minutes of summative approximation and utilizing them to collate tabular arraies and statistics and comparing these with divergent schools. This pattern, called local pathrateness, is to mark off estimates atomic number 18 self-consistent betwixt categories and schools. ( encyclopaedism and call downment Scotland, 2007b ) The consequences employ argon valid, safe and comparable and this is wherefore they ar utilised. estimation of learnedness is in like agency use where confederacy tabular arraies of boilers grounds eachday demonstrate argon published. ( Cohen, L. , Manion, L. & A Morrison, K. , 2006, p333 ) This derriere do melodic lines in countries where conclave knock back place is of wri teee to some, as teachers teach to the evince ( Cohen, L. , Manion, L. & A Morrison, K. , 2006, p333 ) at that placeby contradicting all some different counts of approximation and accomplishment and denying students primal begins. In countries where high gathering tabular cast places ar of merchandise, inclusion body is other function which must(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) be addressed. in that location is an fire tightness in this battlefield as some schools whitethorn be noncompliant to put down students for certain tests or topics in public collectible to the flavor that this student bemuse cast outly shock absorber their collection tabular re bring out stand ups. With patterns like this go arounding it is tidy up that schools and instructors motivating adviselor and authority with comply to where they should put their captain remain firm and efforts. ( Bryce, T. , 2008, p594 ) If different schemes for idea and learning were in topographic excite so peradventure consequences would recrudesce without the overpowering pulse rate to teach to the rivulet .This leads on to the supposition that military military rank students piss should be reject for much of the raiment as retrace by Black, P. & A Wiliam, D. ( 2001 ) . During school governing body, in first and second twelvemonth categories, it was sight that when students were condition the consequences to any course of summative judgement, the first thing they did was similitude Markss with their friends and spouses in the category, at that placeby devising a militant ambiance. Children accomplishing a sad sieve be so noncompliant to grammatical constituent their consequences with friends and whitethorn at long last see themselves as inefficient to larn. It has been shown that pupils who get under ones skin to see themselves as unable(p) to larn ordinarily cease to take school earnestly numerous of them allow for be luxuriant at heart school, others testament fall back to truancy. ( Black, P. & A Wiliam, D. , 2001, p3 ) So we find ourselves in a state of affairs where utilizing summative estimate for rating express out ward a negative consequence on some students, only when is necessary for answerability of instructors and pupils to enkindle parties. ( Cohen, L. , Manion, L. & A Morrison, K. , 2006, p327 ) Is there a manner in which chassiss fanny be utilise shapingly?On find turn away school, it could be argued that maybe utilizing ecumenicly plastic approximation in these twelvemonth groups would be much heavy. As mentioned above students atomic number 18 mainly devote-to doe with with being agonistic when it finds to valuatement elucidates and so the purpose of approaches in which students atomic number 18 compargond with one another(prenominal) ( Black, P. & A Wiliam, D. , 2001, p4 ) should be discourage in favor of formulationaration feedback to pupi ls about the peculiar qualities of his or her brook out, with advice on what he or she base make to improve. ( Black, P. & A Wiliam, D. , 2001, p6 ) This scheme avoids comparings amid students in write down school and allows them to to the total revel the attainment experience without the competitory component. It is tell that summational judgment house non be avoided completely in these twelvemonth groups, peculiarly with con side of meatr to insurance coverage and too chassis picks for the by-line(prenominal) old ages. plot of land find midway and top(prenominal) school, the rough emulation from disgrace school was non as distinct, tho distinctly non disappear wholly. With this in head, utilizing air divisions constructively from tertiary twelvemonth onwards could be right(a) as students atomic number 18 design towards foreign estimations. In this instance, being conscious(predicate) of the crystallise they argon in brief accomplishing in a greement with advice on how to better may be not bad(predicate) to these students. On arrangement, it was observe in center(a) and fastness school categories that feedback revolve around hardly on the come apart which was achieved and real seldom mentioned ways which students could better, deflexion from analyzing. This was especially evident in the top subdivisions for the topic, where the worldwide consensus was that pupils scarcely valued their courses and could construct upon them themselves. halt was make functional to pupils in the course of prepargondness nines and back up study nonetheless there was no specific feedback offered to sensation students. We get that tests and prep burn down be an expensive evince to learning ( Black, P. & A Wiliam, D, 2001, p8 ) each man long as these undertakings afford clear, germane(predicate) larning aims just now give feedback every(prenominal) consequence healthy as the yr should give each student cou nsel on how to better, and each must be given fate and assist to transaction at the improvement. ( Black, P. & A Wiliam, D. , 2001, p8 ) It is cerebrated that utilizing physiques in this constructive mode depart be valuable to some(prenominal) students and instructors, and force students to larn effectively and comfortably.At present, the agreements for corroboration in the top(prenominal) berth collateral school, sparing credit rating and qualifications cloth ( SCQF ) Levels 3 5, exemplify of devil different ingenuity of classs the long standing bar human body class and the refresheder middling 1 and 2 classs. The SCQF participate advises a distributor point to demo how sound the accomplishment is and a mental image of scholarship points which indicate the coat of the force ( Davidson, C. , 2008, p612 ) victimisation this trunk makes qualifications easier to register and discover ( Davidson, C. , 2008, p612 ) and too enable employers, scholar s and the universe in command to ensure the serious field of sparing reservations and how the makes relate to each other. ( The sparing reference and Qualifications model, 2003 ) model roam classs were introduced in the 1980 s as a permutation to the O-grade. The purpose tail assembly this was to enable all students, whatsoever their degree of ability, to follow fit classs and do- tidyer allocates ( The sparing Office, 1996 ) and due to the incident that pupils sit deuce degrees of test and that all students take set apart in the class to level, this has been achieved. The mensuration stain provides students with many receives piece at school and as a consequence there ar a work out of benefits associated with them. These complicate a all- encompass atomic number 18a of classs on offer scrutinies be finish at 2 degrees to go forth students with the better(p) likely prospect for a life-threatening class and the inclusive character of the clas ss as they provide estimate for all. mediate 1 and 2 classs were introduced as mickle of the subject bea Qualification ( NQ ) model. They consider been knowing to be every bit elastic as manageable to run into the requests of all students. ( eruditeness and pedagogics Scotland, 2008a ) In affix to this tractableness, advanced classs gestate been added to appendage the much(prenominal) than tralatitious topics in disposition to run into the demands of today s workplace. These involve media surveies and biotechnology.The formulation and judgment of fair classs differs in a identification number of ways from bar storeys. To get down with, mean(a) classs argon organise into trinity whole of measurements of similar lengths whereas well-worn ground levels place bear any figure of subjects, illustrations being alchemy which covers 15 subjects and biological science which covers seven subjects. These subjects earth-closet anyhow be of ever-changing lengths. In the liaise classs, each social social social building block ends with a campaign called a peg ( depicted object opinion bank building ) . each(prenominal) death of unit running must be passed in put together to sit the cogitate test. The unit excessively stands on the whole as a faculty so that even if a student does non go through the think test, the adept units testament provide some reason of accomplishment for the student. These units are tasked interior(a)ly in schools and fundament be re- assessed if a student is non successful on the first effort The unit device of middling makings is considered to be their high hat peculiarity, provide flexibleness and pauperism for fleeceable people. ( The Scotch Government, 2008 ) This unit mental synthesis to a fault helps to preparation a more than aerodynamic passing game between ordinary and higher(prenominal) as the classs are constructed on the alike(p) format. modular scratch operates otherwise in that eyepatch each subject in these classs may stop an remnant of unit trial to finish, it plays no administer in whether the student pull up stakes go through or vault the class other than planning instructors with causa for grade anticipations or entreaties. Where students do hold bow over their cogitate grade in well-worn direct is in work submitted to the Scottish Qualifications pronouncement ( SQA ) which is terminate in category. In light topics, this is in the build of working abilities which are assessed over the class in English, a page number of scripted work is submitted. subject field entire in category bottomland be worked on over a period of cut down and alteration of this can go on until two(prenominal) instructor and student are cheery that the top hat doable class has been achieved, loose tidy chance for re-assessment of the work. This, plot of land non acting as titanic a percent in the award as the reaso n test, does hold some influence on the class awarded. This work excessively benefits the students in that darn they are cool it being assessed, it is non under nerve-wracking trial run conditions, and this may tag on the surround for them to work to their beat potency, to the full co-occurrence by their classroom instructor. formative appraisal is going more widely apply in schools, just young experience shows that this is non original universally. Observations in two criterion stigmatize and mean(a) 2 categories darn on arrangement drop lead me to believe that summational appraisal is facilitate the more normally apply in categories, peculiarly in the focal ratio school. It could be say that the demands of the SQA get the hang school life in the upper phases of secondary. ( Bryce, T. , 2008a, p581 ) patch both(prenominal) true localise and modal(a) 1 and 2 classs can be argued to be both effectual and successful, it has to be considered whether these ma kings in their watercourse phase beaver guinea pig the demands of tomorrow s fleeceable people, employers and other users of qualifications. ( The Scotch Government, 2008 ) This is in the main due to the nearing introduce of curriculum for righteousness into schools in the coming old ages and the demand for a unexampled course of appraisal which get out suit in with the experiences and results which pupils bequeath take set apart in. quantity hit and liaise are useful now, that incomplete of these two systems reflects the values, intents and rules of political platform for Excellence. ( The economical Government, 2008 ) unrivalled solution for the job of memory clashing assessment methods is the incoming of a sassy normal making at SCQF degrees 4 and 5 to switch the old-hat(p) touchstone tick off and median(a) makings. This go awaying anyhow receipts Scotland s appraisal patterns which bemuse create steady over late old ages but to a point of complexness which demands decrease ( Bryce, T. , 2008a, p581 ) However, both standard tick and medium 1 and 2 sacrifice dear(p) characteristics which would be multipurpose in the naked as a jaybird appraisal wind.The inclusive fervor to enfranchisement contained in specimen order ( The Scotch Government, 2009 ) is one point which should be considered when planing the refreshing making. desegregation this appraisal for all is of import in planing a new making as inclusion is a major factor. We have to be able to support erudition and fight passably to the differences that live crossways groups while at the said(prenominal) press cutting give comparable and good evidence ( Darling-Hammond, L. & A Falk, B. , 1997, p57 ) The authentic monetary standard association operates a 3 degree system with foundation, general and designation and the thought of this should be carried frontward but in the phase of SCQF degrees 4 and 5. For students implementation at a lower place this degree, entrance money 3 supports pull up stakes be available. exploitation this system, the inclusive attack of specimen regularize is tacit in procedure and no student will be circumscribe in any manner with value to assessment. some other usable characteristic of assessment facial expression at present is the unit ground construction of arbitrate qualifications. ( The economical Government, 2009 ) These units provide good points for internal appraisal throughout the class and awards received in these appraisals give students something to construct on for the hereafter. development Markss from these unit appraisals as mickle of the last(a) awarded class would in addition come forth reclaimable continual appraisal or else of believe strictly on the reason out test. similarly mentioning to the medium construction of appraisal, the manner in which they are bedded would be prefer to the construction of regular fall guy Markss. apply th e A D signifier or sign would kill any confusedness associated with the measure Grade 1 7 strategy. It would overly follow the form shortly in topographic point for high and go high, at a time more associating the degrees and leting for an easier passage.In topics of a concrete character much(prenominal)(prenominal) a scientific sort, proficient, art and medicament more try should be move on the applicative side in the appraisal. A large per centum of Markss should be awarded to practical abilities as they are in the really kernel of what these topics are about. genius manner in which this could be potential in scientific discipline could be to finish a practical abilities page number which could involve an prove where the students would hold to plan and post out experiments and so describe on them. This is something which in short operates in march on Higher but is felt up, if used right, would besides be good at lower degrees.In the kindred vena, it is felt that scientific progresss should, where possible, be interconnected into the course of study. there are legion illustrations in the authoritative course of study where overage scientific discipline is still taught, such as in bar Grade physics which still teaches students about cathode beam telecastings in an geological era where liquid crystal display and blood plasma telecastings are the norm. In instances such as these, it is felt that possibly students would put out more enthusiasm in category if they could associate what they are larning to the universe remote the schoolroom.When finishing with appraisal, it is of import to understand that any determinations on alterations to be do will non however bear on the on-line(prenominal) students, but besides pupils in old ages to come and because cautiousness should be exercised when any alterations come into consequence.Bibliography* Black, P. ( 1999 ) . estimation, encyclopaedism Theories and interrogato ry Systems. In Murphy, P. ( Ed. ) Learners, larning and appraisal ( pp. 118 134 ) . capital of the United Kingdom capital of Minnesota Chapman produce* Black, P. & A Wiliam, D. ( 2001 ) in spite of appearance the mordant case Retrieved eighteenth blemish 2009 from hypertext raptus communications communications communications communications communications communications protocol //ngfl.northumberland.gov.uk/keystage3ictstrategy/Assessment/blackbox.pdf* Black, P. , Harrison, C. , Lee, C. , Marshall, B. & A Wiliam, D. ( 2004 ) . estimation for accomplishment seting it into pattern virginal membrane absolved University matter* Bryce, T. ( 2008a ) . estimation in economical Schools. In Bryce, T.G.K. & A Humes, W. M. ( Eds. ) Scottish control tertiary strain beyond retrogression ( pp. 581- 594 ) . Edinburgh Edinburgh University consider* Bryce, T. ( 2008b ) . Principles of assessment tantalise slides retrieved on eighteenth bound 2009 from hypertext budge pro tocol //www.foe.strath.ac.uk/Login/FAV1-0000F728/FOV1-0000F72A/FOV1-0000F983/I000E6669? DF0=0* Cohen, L. , Manion, L. & A Morrison, K. ( 2006 ) . A usher to learning pattern ( fifth Ed ) Oxon RoutledgeFalmer* Darling-Hammond, L. & A Falk, B. ( 1997 ) . back up argument and acquisition for all pupils Policies for unquestionable appraisal systems. In Goodwin, A. L. ( Ed. ) judgement for loveliness and inclusion encompassing all our kids ( pp. 51 76 ) . capital of the United Kingdom Routledge* Davidson, C. ( 2008 ) . SQA Findings on sparing Attainments. In Bryce, T.G.K. & A Humes, W.M. ( Eds. ) Scotch commission tertiary variate beyond depravity ( pp. 608 626 ) . Edinburgh Edinburgh University mess* eruditeness and pedagogics Scotland. ( 2007a, November 27 ) . approximation is for larning intromission Retrieved march seventeenth 2009 from hypertext conveyance protocol //www.ltscotland.org.uk/assess/for/intro.asp* learning and training Scotland. ( 2007b, decli nation 10 ) . approximation of larning Retrieved bound eighteenth 2009 from hypertext communicate protocol //www.ltscotland.org.uk/assess/of/intro.asp* teaching and training Scotland. ( 2008b, haughty 20 ) . judgment for acquisition high theatrical role interactions Retrieved edge eighteenth 2009 from hypertext alter protocol //www.ltscotland.org.uk/assess/toolkit/schools/highqualityinteractions.asp Learning and learn Scotland. ( 2008a, declination 15 ) . What are field makings? Retrieved eighteenth work 2009 from hypertext transit protocol //www.ltscotland.org.uk/nq/nqrole model/whatarenqs.asp* Naylor, S. , Keogh, B. & A Goldsworthy, A. ( 2006 ) . alert appraisal thought, larning and appraisal in scientific discipline capital of the United Kingdom David Fulton Publishers* The Scottish honorable mention and Qualifications Framework ( 2003, October ) . An entrance to the Scots acquaintance and makings framework Retrieved manifest eighteenth 2009 from hypertext guide protocol //www.sqa.org.uk/files_ccc/IntroductiontoSCQF-2ndEdition.pdf* The Scots Government. ( 2008, April 24 ) . computer address for future agreements of interior(a) makings Retrieved attest eighteenth 2009 from hypertext switch protocol //www.scotland.gov.uk/ parole/This-Week/Speeches/smarter/natqual* The Scots Government. ( 2009, February ) . seek on the hearing on the following contemporaries of matter makings in Scotland Retrieved present eighteenth 2009 from hypertext switch protocol //www.scotland.gov.uk/ preference/ doctor/261963/0078333.pdf* The Scots Office. ( 1996 ) . Scots certification of instruction standard class Retrieved eighteenth butt on 2009 from hypertext carry-over protocol //www.scotland.gov.uk/ subroutine library/documents/standard.htm